Introduction: Waveform morphology interpretation and description are key fundamental skills in vascular ultrasound, ensuring optimal disease assessment, interpretation, documentation, and communication. While waveform descriptors are commonly used in reporting, the phrasing and interpretation can vary depending on the individual.
Methods: This presentation will provide an overview of the consensus terms used for describing vascular waveforms and will systematically work through abnormal waveform types for different regions and the mechanisms that cause them.
Results and Conclusion: Understanding the features and causes of abnormal waveforms, along with the correct reporting terminology, will improve vascular ultrasound disease assessment.

This presentation provides an overview of peripheral arterial aneurysms of the upper and lower limbs, with a focus on the role of ultrasound in their assessment. It will cover aneurysm development, common aetiologies such as atherosclerosis, and less typical causes including trauma, infection, and connective tissue disorders. Typical anatomical locations will be discussed alongside less common and unusual presentations, highlighting the variability in clinical practice.
The clinical significance of peripheral aneurysms, including risks of rupture and distal embolisation, will be explored. The session will include a series of ultrasound-based cases demonstrating a range of findings, key diagnostic considerations, and practical applications to support accurate identification and management.

A sonographers guide to common arterial interventions. This talk will summarise the techniques, tools and methods for treating arterial disease and the ultrasonic features of post treatment surveillance. 

This presentation provides a comprehensive, hemodynamic-focused overview of deep venous arterialization (DVA) and hybrid arterialization for poor-to-no option patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Emphasis is placed on disease-pattern recognition to help vascular sonographers identify patients who may benefit from venous or open arterialization approaches when conventional revascularization options are exhausted.

The talk outlines duplex-based criteria that should prompt automatic pedal venous mapping, including specific arterial flow patterns, distal hemodynamic findings, and pedal perfusion characteristics. Pre-procedural venous mapping strategies are reviewed with attention to identifying suitable venous targets and access pathways to support procedural planning.

Post-arterialization surveillance is discussed in detail, extending beyond assessment of patency and flow volume. Sonographers will learn to evaluate non-donor arterial peak systolic velocities, resistive index changes in the popliteal artery, pedal venous maturation, venous Pedal Acceleration Time (vPAT), and arterial PAT as complementary physiologic markers of successful perfusion and maturation. These parameters provide critical information on evolving hemodynamics and limb viability following arterialization.