This practical, case-focused session equips sonographers with the knowledge and skills to recognise sonographic signs of maternal autoimmune disease and escalate care effectively. Covering common conditions — including antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, anti‑Ro/La–related neonatal lupus and congenital heart block, autoimmune thyroid disease, and immune thrombocytopenia — the talk emphasizes targeted scanning protocols, Doppler techniques (MCA‑PSV, UA, DV), and focused fetal cardiac rhythm assessment. Attendees will see annotated imaging examples and learn standardised reporting language to improve multidisciplinary communication and patient outcomes.

Overview: Sonographers are routinely performing fetal Doppler imaging and yet not much is taught about the pathological changes that occur to the placenta and how this is reflected in fetal Doppler traces. This talk aims to provide insight on placental insufficiency as well as when we would expect to see changes in the fetal circulation. Common pitfalls, as well as tips for ensuring adequate assessment of the umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery in the third trimester will also be discussed. This talk is beneficial for students and sonographers who perform fetal Doppler imaging infrequently, as well as those who are interested in why we see Doppler waveform changes when we do.
Take home message: Understanding the changes in the placenta that occur in order for fetal Doppler traces to be impacted, and improving imaging techniques, is important to ensure adequate ultrasound imaging is performed that reflects the true fetal state.